Biogas slurry and biogas residue are collectively referred to as biogas fertilizers and are the products of anaerobic fermentation of biomass through biogas digesters. Biogas slurry is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and tungsten nutrients. Biogas residue is composed of partially undecomposed raw materials and fresh microbial organisms. It is divided into three parts: organic matter and humic acid, which play a major role in improving soil, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to meet crops. The need for growth; Third, raw materials are not decomposed, applied to the farmland to continue fermentation, release fertilizer.
(a) Soaking of biogas slurry
1, technical points
(1) Drying seeds: In order to improve the water absorption of seeds, before soaking in biogas slurry, the seeds shall be sun dried for 1-2 days to remove impurities to ensure the purity and quality of seeds.
(2) Bagging: Select a good permeable bag or cloth bag, put the seeds into it, and leave an appropriate space to prevent the seeds from bursting after absorbing the water.
(3) Clean up the discharge room of the digester: Remove the scum from the discharge chamber as much as possible to soak the seeds with biogas slurry.
(4) Soaking: One end of the rope is bagged and one end is fixed at the edge of the pool so that the seed is in the middle of the biogas slurry. Some seeds with a short soaking time (within 12 hours) can be carried in containers.
(5) Cleaning: After the soaking of the biogas slurry is completed, the seeds should be placed in clean water, then sowed and then germinated.
Soaking with biogas slurry changes the color of the seed shell, but it does not affect germination.
2, matters needing attention
(1) Soaking time
Soaking time varies with region, species, and temperature, but the soaking time should not be too long. It can be determined after some simple comparison tests. Here are some common seed test results for reference.
1 wheat biogas slurry soaking: wheat soaked in biogas slurry suitable for soil moisture better application, the specific practice is carried out on the day before sowing, soaking time of about 12 hours, wash with water, you can sow. If drought-resistant sowing (poor soil moisture), it is not necessary to use biogas slurry soaking.
2 Soaking the corn slurry: soaking once for 12-16 hours, washing with clean water, and sowing after drying.
3 cotton biogas slurry soaking: coating species do not have to use biogas slurry soaking, non-coating species once immersed for 14-18 hours, immersed in the seed bag to pay attention to put a stone to prevent the seed bag floating.
4 soaked with sweet potato and potato biogas slurry: 4 hours at a time, can also be filled into the cylinder and barrel container, soaked in normal biogas slurry, and the biogas slurry exceeds 6 cm from the upper layer of the potato surface. After the soaking, the water is washed and then germination or sowing.
5 Peanut biogas slurry soaking: soak 4-6 hours at a time, wash and dry after the water can be sown.
6 melon seeds, beans seeds: soak for 2-4 hours, wash with water, dry, sowing or germination.
(2) As a biogas digester for soaking in biogas slurry, the normal production of gas must be used for more than one month, and the biogas slurry in the spent pool and dead pool cannot be used for soaking.
(3) Seeds soaked in biogas slurry are all washed with clear water and then sowed or germinated.
(4) Pay attention to safety and promptly restore the pool cover to prevent people and animals from falling into the pool.
(b) Biogas slurry foliar fertilizer
1, technical points
(1) Biogas slurry: Taken from a biogas digester with normal gas production for more than one month, clarified and gauze filtered.
(2) Frequency: once every 7-10 days.
(3) Time: During the growing season of crops, sunny afternoon is the best.
(4) Concentration: According to the concentration of biogas slurry, application crop and season, and temperature, the general principle is: seedlings, 1 biogas slurry plus 1 to 2 parts of fresh water in summer; summer high temperature, 1 biogas slurry plus 1 water When the temperature is low and the old leaves (seedlings) are used, fresh water may not be added.
(5) Dosage: 40 kg per 667 m2.
2. Note:
(1) The biogas slurry should be clarified and filtered to prevent it from plugging the sprayer. The sprayer is better sealed to prevent splashing, leaking, and soiling.
(2) The concentration of the biogas slurry should not be too large. Add 1 to 2 parts of biogas slurry to fresh water.
(3) When spraying, the back of leaves is mainly used for absorption.
(4) Spraying time: After the spring, autumn and winter morning dew is dry, it is better to use it in the summer evening, and do not spray it at high noon and heavy rain before noon.
(III) Technical points of biogas slurry for pest control
Biogas slurry is mainly used for soaking in biogas slurry, and biogas fertilizer is used as base fertilizer and top dressing. Biogas slurry control methods are mainly applied biogas fertilizer and direct application of biogas slurry.
1, control locusts, 50 kg of biogas slurry, add 2.5% emulsifiable EC 10 ml, stir well, irrigation corn heart leaves.
2, biogas liquid control vegetable locust
Take 30 kg of biogas slurry per 667 m2, add 50 g of kerosene, 10 g of detergent and spray. It is also possible to use direct sunlight when the temperature is high on sunny days.
3, biogas control wheat stubble
Take 50 kg of biogas slurry per 667 m2, add 2.5 g of dimethoate, dry after sunny dew, spray, if within 6 hours of rain, it should be treated once. Aphids were inactivated 28 hours, 40-50 hours died, and the kill rate was 94.7%.
(4) Biogas residue cultivation mushroom ingredients points:
1. Biogas slag preparation: The biogas residue must be drained before the suitable sowing date of the mushroom. Before sowing, the dried tar residue should be diluted and exposed to remove the unrecovered long residue. Exposure time should be controlled by the moisture content of the biogas residue. It is advisable to squeeze the fingers to squeeze water without dropping. The treated biogas residue was added with 1% gypsum powder, 1% superphosphate and 0.5% urea as its weight.
2, mushroom house and bed frame preparation: mushroom room can generally use the open door windows available. Mushroom beds can be made of bamboo, wood, and iron to form a multi-layered bed frame. The first floor is no less than 25 centimeters from the ground, and the layers above each other are 60 centimeters apart, paved with straw and branches. The mushroom house is smoked with 50 times formalin solution or sprayed with 50 times liquid. It is also possible to fully spray the wall, ground, and mushroom bed with 50 times lime sulfur to close the mushroom house for 1-2 days. Then the biogas residue is laid flat on the bed of the mushroom and kept loose naturally with a thickness of 12-14 cm. Then 0.5% dichlorvos or 0.3% dimethoate is sprayed on the surface of the culture material, the opposite side of the mushroom bed, the mushroom house and the surrounding walls to prevent ticks and other pests from sowing overnight.
(5) Cultivation of mushroom with biogas residue
1, ingredients points
(1) Biogas residue: Take out the fully decomposed biogas residue and cover it with a film to prevent pests from spawning on the biogas residue and drain it for 24 hours.
(2) cotton husk: fresh mold-free cotton husk, turn over the sun for 1-2 days.
(3) Ingredients: 60% of biogas residue, 40% of cotton hull or 70% of biogas residue, and 30% of cotton husk. First mix 100 kg of cotton husk with 160 kg of wet and mix well, then mix well with 150 kg of biogas residue. .
According to tests, 50% concentration of biogas slurry (half of the biogas slurry and half water) was used to mix the cotton hulls to produce Pleurotus ostreatus, which could increase the yield by 52.9% compared with the clear water mix, and the fruiting time was 14 days in advance, and 50% biogas slurry was used as After top dressing, the topdressing test increased the yield by 37% compared to the control (50% tofu water).
2. Note:
(1) Do not salvage the bottom dregs, so as not to bring undead eggs to the bottom of the pond.
(2) To drain excess moisture from the biogas slurry and seal it with a film to prevent infection.
The biogas residue has poor air permeability, and an appropriate amount of filler must be mixed. In addition to cotton hull, it can also be mixed with chaff and crushed straw, and the ratio of 6:4 is appropriate.
(6) Biogas Fertilizer Planting
1, technical points
(1) Open cultivation
1 Base fertilizer: In the first half month, combined with site preparation, apply 2 kg of biogas fertilizer per square meter and mix well. If it is a hole plant, depending on the size of the tree, 1-2 kilograms per hole, cover soil 10 cm, and then plant. The rare varieties are best not to put the base fertilizer, but instead to loosen the soil to cushion the hole, live after the root slot extraction fertilization.
2 topdressing: topdressing should be strictly controlled according to need, and the different flower varieties need fertilizer absorption capacity is not exactly the same. Therefore, the application of biogas fertilizer should be different. Fast-growing flowers, herbaceous flowers, foliage flowers, which can be sprayed once a month in January, with 3 parts of biogas slurry and 7 parts of water, slow growing flowers, woody flowers, flowers, and flowers. Fertility requirements, 1 part of biogas slurry plus 3 parts of water top dressing. Acupuncture points: digging points can be used at the root tip, using biogas slurry, biogas residue, mixed application, depending on the size of the tree, ranging from 0.5 to 5 kg.
(2) Potted plants
1 Preparation of culture soil: After 3 months of decomposition of biogas residue and good weathering of the mountains and mix well, the ratio: 1 kg of fresh biogas residue, 2 kg of mountain soil, or 1 kg of dry residue, 9 kg of mountain soil.
2 change basin: Potted plants 1-3 years after the need to change the soil, expanding, general varieties can be used in the method of preparation of culture soil fill, rare species need to add a little bit of mountain soil to reduce the content of biogas fertilizer. Where new planting, change potted flowers, do not see new leaves do not topdressing (20-30 days).
3 topdressing: potted flowers are generally less soil, less nutrients, need artificial supplements, but it is not time to fill, how much accurate, is potted flowers, especially the key to the balcony of flowers.
Camellia (charcoal tea) is required to be top-fat, low-dose, that is, fewer times, less dilute, monthly biogas slurry from March to May, concentration of 1 part of biogas slurry plus 1-2 parts of clear water; seasonal flower (rose flowers as representative) The biogas fertilizer can be applied once a month in January. The proportion is the same as above, and it is stopped from September to October.
2, matters needing attention
(1) The biogas fertilizer must be fully decomposed, especially the biogas residue, and the new biogas residue can be stored in the barrel for 20-30 days before use.
(2) Before the biogas slurry is used as top dressing and foliar fertilizer, it should be open for 2-3 hours.
(3) The amount of biogas fertilizer potted plants should be calculated. Do not worry about urgency and excessive fertilization.
If fertilization, falling leaves, as the concentration is high, should be promptly hydrolyzed or soil change; if the edges of the tender leaves were watershed off, as water and fertilizer poisoning, emergency decontamination, pruning, shade conservation.
